Chimney and ventilating cowl and its shaft



Nov. 17, 1925. 1,561,521

W. H. MOTTERSHALL CHIMNEY AND VEiqTILATING COWL AND ITS SHAFT Filed Jan. 1923 IN VE N T on wa x ia z w Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

UNITED STATES 1,561,521 PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HEYWOOD MOTTERSHALL, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

CHIMNEY AND VENTILATING COWL AND ITS SHAFT.

Application filed January T all whom it may concern} 1 Be it known that I, VILLIAM HEYWoon MorrnnsrmLL, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and a resident of the city of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Pro vince of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Chimney and Ventilating Cowls and Their Shafts, of which the following is the specification.

My invention relates to improvements in chimney and ventilating cowls and their shafts, and the object of the invention is to devise a revoluble cowl in which the air in take will always face the wind and in which the induced draught from the shaft to which the device is connected will always be constant no matter what the velocity of the wind may be.

A further object is to devise means for automatically varying the length of the expansion chamber in the device proportionately to the increased or decreased velocity of the wind. 1

A still further object is to devise means for so supporting the revoluble portion of the device on the ventilating or chimney shaft in such a manner that there will be no tendency of its getting out of order due to weather conditions or to being lifted off the shaft, due to excessively high winds.

Another object is to devise means for varying the cross sectional area of the orifice leading into the expansion chamber proportionately to the length of such expansion chamber, and yet another object is to devise means for varying the cross sectional area of thecowl air inlet orifice.

Another object is to devisemeans in the ventilating shaft whereby the upwardly moving air from the lower portion of the shaft being sucked up under the influence of the air in the revoluble portion of the device will. in addition, have a tendency to suck up the air admitted into the shaft from the upper rooms.

Myinvention consists of a chimney and ventilating cowl and shaft constructed and arranged all as hereinafter more particularly described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through acowl and shaft constructed according to mv invention showing the shaft broken way intermediately.

5, 1923. Serial No. 610,861.

Fig. 2 is a front view of my cowl.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the rear portion thereof broken away to show the expansion chamber mounting.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section through a portion of the upper end of the shaft and the vertical portion of the cowl showing the means for mounting the latter on the former, and

Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the line 5--5 Figure 4.

Like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different views.

1 is the ventilating or chimney shaft. As illustrated in Figure 1 the shaft is a ventilating shaft adapted to extend down through the floors 2 of the building. 3 are foul air registers disposed in the vicinity of the ceilings of. the respective rooms. Disposed below the lower register 3 is an upwardly extending funnel shaped member 4 suitably secured in position in the shaft, and having its upper end extending up into the larger funnel shaped member 5 which is secured in the shaft immediately below the next register 3. The upper end of the funnel member 5 extends into the lower end of the shaft 1. The upper end of the shaft 1 is provided with an outwardly extending flange 6, the Vertical exterior face thereof constituting a ball race. 7 is the depending vertically disposed cylindrical portion of the cowl casing, the lower end of the portion 7 being provided with an inwardly extended flange 8 provided with a plurality of inwardly extending threaded orifices 9 adapted to register with correspondingly threaded orifices 10 in the cylindrical portion. 11 are threaded plugs, each having a central orifice 12, said plugs being adapted to be screwed into the orifices 10 and 9, and eachof the orifices 12 adapted to receive a ball 13, which is rotatably held in the orifices 12 by means of the washer let, the ball being in engagement with theflange 6. 15 is a cap having a dome shaped indenture therein adapted to bescrewed down into engagement with each ball. Thus the balls are rotatable in their mounting and reduce friction in turning the revoluble cowl relatively to the shaft under the influence of the tail 16.

The shaft 1 is provided in the vicinity of its upper end with a cross web 17 havmg a vertically extending spindle 18 mounted thereon, said spindle being provided wltha pointed upper end 19. The depending cylindrical portion 7 of the cowl communicates with a horizontally extending portion 20 in which is inserted the hollow truncated conical member 21 having its larger end constituting the air inlet to the cowl and dis posed exteriorly of the member 20, said truncated conical member extending inwardly into such member 20 as is clearly illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawing.

The pointed end 19 of the spindle 18 is seated on a conical seat 22 constituted in a. plate of hard material such as glass, secured to the underneath side of the truncated conical member 21 intermediately of its length.

23 is a nut threaded on the upper end of the spindle 18 and adapted to limit the vertical movement of the cylindrical portion 7 of the cowl with respict to the shaft 1, the lower end of the said vertical cylindrical portion being revolubly mounted on the upper end of the shaft in the manner above described, so that in rotating, any friction v is taken by the balls 13.

24- is an extendible' casing portion surrounding the outlet end of the horizontal portion 20 of the cowl. The inntr part of the extendible casing portion is provided with a throat 25' and its forward edge is bevelled rearwardly from top to bottom. The extendible casing portion 24 is supported on the portion 20 by means of the rollers 26 inserted into the top thereof, and thus the casing portion is enabled to slide on such rollers, as will hereinafter appear.

The tail 16 which is preferably constructed in the form of a fish tail is provided with upper and lower horizontally disposed slots'27 and 28 in which the outlet end of the casing and the extendi-ble cas ing portion are inserted.

29 is a horizontally disposed slidable rod centrally positioned in the horizontal portion 20 of the cowl and extending through the conical member 21, through the extendible casing, portion 24, its forward end being slidably mounted in the sleeve 30 secured to the forwardly extending bracket 31 which is in turn secured to the vertical cylindrical portion 7 of such cowl. The rod 29 is slidably mounted in the vicinity of its rear end in the bearing 32 secured to the tail, such rear end of the rod 29 is provided with an eye 33 through which extends the bowed member 34 secured at its ends to the extendible casing portion 24 in the vicinity of its rear end. 35 is a conical shaped tongue member mounted on the rod 29 and secured thereto by means of the set screw 36, said tongue member being adapted to be moved with respect to the mouth 37 of the member 21, depending upon the velocityof the wind. 38 is an intermediate hollow truncated conical shaped member slldably mounted on the rod 29 by means of the web 39, said intermediate cone member being of smalltr size than the member 21 and adapted to telescope thereinto.

40 is a smaller hollow truncated conical member adapted to be secured to the rod 29 by means of the webs 41, said cone member 40 adapted to telescope into the cone member 38, under certain conditions, 42 is a spiral spring mounted on the rod 29, its rear end cngaging the web 43 and its for ward end engaging the slidable web 39 of the slidable cone member 38.

44 is a spiral spring mounted on the rod 29' in the vicinity of its rear end and interposed between the rear end of the tongue member 35 and the btaring 32.

45' are pockets constituted between the shaft extension 46 and the respective funnel members 4 and 5, said pockets receiving the air from the registers 3 wherein it is afterwards drawn into the member 5 or directly into the shaft 1 as the case may be.

in light winds the cone members 38 and 40 are positioned relatively to rach other and to the cone member 21, as is illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawing. In this case the air inlet to the cowl is of the maximum cross sectional area wherein the greatest amount of surface is presented to the wind, with the result that as the wind enters between the cone members and interiorly of the inner cone member 40 it increases in density with the consequent increase in velocity until it is finally discharged through the mouth 37 of the cone 21. The wind that enters the inner cone member 40 and the intermediate cone member 38, as it leaves the outlets of such members, expands and loses velocity, and thus the wind from the inner cone creates a suction on the wind in the intermediate cone and the wind issuing from the intermediate cone creates a suction on the wind passing through the cone member 21. As the windissues from the mouth 37 which is suitably-restricted in cross sectional area by means of the tongue member 35 it expands, losing velocity as it is discharged into the expansion chamberformed by the extendible casing 24, thus creating a suction on the air in the vertical shaft 1, which induces an upward draught therein. The upper draught is increased by means of the cone members 4 and 5. As the air is sucked from the lower funnel member 4 into the upper funnel member 5, a suction is created on the air entering from the lower register 3 and as the air is sucked from the upper funnel meinber 5 into the shaft, it will be seen that an increased suction will be ex rted on the air entering the upper register 3, thus increasing the draught of air from the respective rooms.

Now should the wind increase, the cone member 40 will telescope into the cone member 38, thus reducing the cross sectional area of the air inlet to the cowl. hen this occurs the slidable rod 29 is carried rearwardly and the tongue member 35 withdrawn a certain extent from the mouth 37 of the member 21, which owing to the increase in the velocity of the wind will enlarge the outlet from such member 21, thus compensating for increase in velocity of the wind, simultaneously with the rearward movement of the rod, the extendible casing portion 24. moves rearwardly relatively to the horizontal portion of the cowl, thus lengthening the expansion chamber so that the wind issuing from the mouth 37 will impinge thereonto.

Under the influence of a still heavier wind the cone member 38 telescopes into the stationary cone member 21, thus further reducing the cross sectional area of the air inlet to the cowl.

\Vhen the wind drops the spring 44 restores the rod 29 to its initial position and with it the connected cone member and extendible casing 24. Upon the disengagement of the cone member 40 from the web 39 the spring 4-2 restores the intermediate cone member 38 to its initial position.

From the above description it will be seen that no matter what the velocity of the wind may be, the suction on the vertical shaft will be substantially constant.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, its vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion which includes a hollow truncated conical member, said truncated conical member having Wind inlet and outlet orifices, adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the wind inlet orifice, and adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the wind outlet orifice, both means functioning in unison.

2. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a. shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, its vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion which includes a hollow truncated conical member, said truncated conical member having wind inlet and outlet orifices, an extendible casing portion surrounding the wind outlet end of the truncated conical member, adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the wind inlet orifice and adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the wind outlet orifice, both adjustable means and the extendible casing portion being interconnected to function in unison.

3. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the

combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-sllaped casing, the vertleal portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller end first into one end of the horizontal portion, adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the outlet orifice of the conical member to compensate for different wind velocities, and adjustable means functioning in unison with the aforesaid means for varying the cross sectional area of the inlet orifice of the conical memher to compensate for variations in wind velocity.

4. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, the vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller end first into one end of the horizontal portion, a longitudinally slidable rod extending through the conical member and horizontal portionof the cowl, an intermediate hollow truncated conical member slidably mounted on the rod and normally springheld in position thereon, and a smaller hollow truncated conical member secured on the rod and extending into the intermediate conical member, a spring normally holding the slidable rod in its forward position.

5. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, the vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller end first into one end of the horizontal portion, adjustable means for varying the cross sectional area of the outlet orifice of the conical member, and an extendible casing portion longitudinally slidable on the outlet end of the horizontal portion of the cowl, and means for sliding the extendible casing portion synchronously with the actuation of the aforesaid adjustable means.

6. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, the vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller end first into one end of the horizontal portion, a longitudinally slidable rod extending through the conical member and horizontal portion of the cowl, means on the rod for varying the cross sectional area of the inlet and outlet orifices in the conical member, an extendible casing portion longitudinally slidable on the out-let end of the horizontal portion of the cowl,

andmeans for connecting the rod with the extendible casing portion.

7. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl com prising a T-shaped casing, the vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having wind inlet and outlet orifices, an extendible casing portion slidable on the outlet end of the horizontal portion of the cowl and having a. throat portion extending inwardly into such outlet end.

8. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, its vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller endtirst into the inlet end of the horizontal portion and fixed secured thereto, an intermediate hollow truncated conical member inserted into the first mentioned conical member and slidable longitudinally therein, and a third hollow truncated conicalnieinber inserted into the l11' termediate truncated conical member and longitudinally slidable therein.

9. In chimney and ventilator cowls, the combination with a shaft, of a cowl comprising a T-shaped casing, its vertical portion being revolubly mounted on the shaft and communicating with the horizontal portion, said horizontal portion having open ends, a hollow truncated conical member inserted smaller end first into the inlet end of the horizontal portion and fixedly secured thereto, an intermediate hollow truncated conical member inserted into the first mentioned hollow conical member and slidable longitudinally therein, and a third hollow truncated conical member inserted into the intermediate truncated conical member and longitudinally slidable therein, excessive wind pressure on the third hollow truncated conical member forcing it inwardly into engagement with the intermediate truncated conical member whereby the latter is forced inwardly into engagement with the first mentioned truncated conical member.

' WILLIAM HEYWOOD MOTTERSHALL. 

